Microsoft uses dark patterns in Windows to steer users toward its Edge browser, according to a report commissioned by Mozilla. The study, conducted by Harry Brignull, a user experience researcher who coined the term "dark patterns," found that Windows employs deceptive design tactics that make it harder for users to choose alternatives like Firefox or Chrome.
Deceptive design tactics in Windows
The report identifies several dark patterns in Windows, including pop-ups that urge users to switch to Edge, confusing wording in default browser settings, and the use of Microsoft's own browser when users search for competitors. For example, when a user types "Chrome" into the Windows search bar, Edge opens with a Bing search result that includes a large button to download Chrome, but also displays a Microsoft advertisement that could mislead users.
Impact on user choice and competition
Brignull argues that these practices violate the European Union's Digital Services Act and other consumer protection laws. The report comes as regulators worldwide scrutinize the market power of big tech companies. Mozilla, which relies on users actively choosing its Firefox browser, has long criticized Microsoft's tactics. A Mozilla spokesperson said the report highlights the need for greater transparency and user control over default settings.
Microsoft's response
Microsoft has defended its approach, stating that it provides users with clear choices and that Edge offers a superior browsing experience. The company also noted that users can easily change their default browser settings. However, the Mozilla-commissioned report suggests that the design of these settings is intentionally confusing, making it more likely that users will stick with Edge.